Selection for Tuskless Elephants. Thanks for reading Scientific American. Genetics Evolution Scientific Skills & Literacy Scientists at Work High School General High School AP/IB College This interactive module explores the diversity of viruses based on structure, genome type, host range, transmission mechanism, replication cycles, and vaccine availability. Most immune cells develop from stem cells in the bone marrow. Elephants were not an obvious choice for Campbell-Staton, who has mostly focused on lizards until now. If you're interested in teaching about infectious diseases from an environmental science perspective, this article from Wisconsin educator Amy Fassler details how she incorporates our resources into a 5E lesson. In particular, they often are missing their upper lateral incisorsthe anatomical equivalent of tusks in elephants. 11{TO8+J1FOf%E%12Xbtb?S`8,A 7 \K(Dc6@ UJ
This interactive module explores how different animals elephants, birds, and bats have evolved distinct ways of using sound to communicate. Learning Objectives & Practices: ERT-2.A, ERT-2.H, EIN-4.C, SP5, SP6, ELA.RST.9-12.7, ELA.WHST.9-12.1 |U#62RF>^/,[4@[S5MT3M_q+; u* Provide evidence-based reasoning that uses available data to support a scientific claim. Elephants with large tusks are targeted by poachers, who sell the tusks on the ivory market. 415 0 obj
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The same high-quality resources are now available with new features, including a logged-in experience. Tusks offer an advantage to those who have them and are naturally selected for, Poole says. Explain how characteristics associated with biological sex may affect athletic performance. endstream
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The resource is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International license. View details . As poaching in Gorongosa has been stamped out through sustained conservation efforts, the number of baby elephants born tuskless has begun to decrease. The Click & Learn uses ongoing debates about the eligibility of certain female athletes to participate in women's events as an entry point . No rights are granted to use HHMIs or BioInteractives names or logos independent from this Resource or in any derivative works. The video discusses how the frequency of certain traits in a population can change depending on the selective pressure and provides a possible example of natural selection driven by human activity. Describe how mutations in a variety of genes can affect the development of internal and external sex characteristics. Real science, real stories, and real data to engage students in exploring the living world. Fortunately, another research team was carrying out a collaring project to track matriarch elephants. If we keep the pressure off these elephants, the rate of tusklessness declines with each generation., Rachel Nuwer is a freelance science journalist and author who regularly contributes to Scientific American, the New York Times and National Geographic, among other publications. This interactive module explores how different animals elephants, birds, and bats have evolved distinct ways of using sound to communicate. The Genetics of Tusklessness in Elephants This video follows scientists working in Gorongosa National Park as they try to determine the genes responsible for tusk development in elephants. Data Points are useful resources that use figures from the primary literature and guided sets of supporting questions. Analyze quantitative data in order to make predictions based on evidence. The sex ratio of the offspring of tuskless mothers also indicated that the genetics responsible may be lethal for males. Math.N-Q.A.1, Math.N-Q.A.3, Math.S-IC.3; MP2, MP3, IB Environmental Systems and Societies (2017), Teaching an Online Introductory Biology Lab Using Evolution and Ecology Resources, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International license, Why no tusks? Explain how the selective pressures on a population may impact the frequencies of phenotypes. This is a beautiful study that is certain to become a textbook example of how intense human exploitation of wildlife can rapidly change the natural world, says Jeffrey Good, a mammalian evolutionary geneticist at the University of Montana, who was not involved in the research. In this activity, students collect and analyze evidence for each of the major conditions for evolution by natural selection to develop an explanation for how populations change over time. The study shows that tuskless male elephant offspring are not viable, meaning that population decline is accentuated, Pelletier says. 316 0 obj
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rev-a-shelf 6942-28-11-52; stride rite sandals baby girl; five spice beef noodle soup This activity builds on information presented in the video Selection for Tuskless Elephants. This Click & Learn shows that keystone species exist across a variety of ecosystems and can exert their influence in different ways. This activity explores images of elephants with and without tusks, which serve as phenomena for learning about selection and human impacts on the frequency of traits within populations. Analyzing Data on Tuskless Elephants. Their current rate of decline is 8% per year, primarily due to illegal killing called poaching. Selection for Tuskless Elephants. The first six weeks of the 15-week laboratory portion were conducted in a synchronous virtual format, using BioInteractive materials to teach the basic skills necessary to start the ethogram project. Most of the elephants killed naturally did have tusks. In this video, biologist Shane Campbell-Staton walks through the steps of collecting DNA samples from elephants in Gorongosa National Park and how he plans to analyze their DNA sequences.For more information and related materials, visit HHMI BioInteractive:https://www.biointeractive.org/classroom-resources/genetics-tusklessness-elephants Tuskless females, they found, had survived at a rate that was about five times higher than that of their tusked counterparts during the conflict. Campbell-Staton was just as perplexed by this as Poole had been, and he soon struck up a collaboration with her and other elephant ecologists. hbbd```b``"WHg -,^ Lessons. One of the genes, AMELX, is known from decades of basic research in mice and humans to play a role in mammalian tooth development. Shane Campbell-Staton of Princeton University, co-lead author of the new paper, has spent his career studying the ways that humans force such evolutionary changes across the tree of life. Among the younger females, who were born after this period of heavy poaching, 33% are tuskless.For more short films and resources on elephants, visit http://www.hhmi.org/biointeractive/elephants Scientific Explanation of Evolution by Natural Selection. Only Meat: 19/129 * (100%) = 14.73% b. But he found himself sucked into the mystery of tuskless elephants when he watched a YouTube video about the phenomenon. Campbell-Staton and his co-first author, Brian Arnold of Princeton, were able to join forces with the other researchers to collect blood samples from 18 femalessome with tusks and some withoutthat would meet the genomic requirements for the project. It also includes a library of ready-to-use videos with embedded questions. By watching segments of this video, students will follow the analyses and discoveries of Joyce Poole, a scientist who has studied elephants for many years. a. Discover implementation ideas, lesson sequences, resource modifications, quick tips, and more in this collection of videos and in-depth articles. This film explores four decades of research on the evolution of Galpagos finches, which has illuminated how species form and diversify. The human immune system is made up of many cells, organs, and tissues. Many families lacked older femalesand many of those females had no tusks. This interactive module explores the phases, checkpoints, and protein regulators of the cell cycle. Most African elephants have tusks, but some about 2% to 6% of females and even fewer males never grow them. Planarians can be used to investigate a variety of biological phenomena like animal behavior, mitosis, taxonomy, and more. 318 0 obj
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Watch the . Instead of having sons and daughters at an equal proportion, tuskless mothers gave birth to daughters roughly two thirds of the time. Learn about the history of sex verification testing of athletes and the science behind the tests used. Elephants with large tusks are targeted by poachers who sell the tusks on the ivory market. An audio descriptive version of the film is available via our media player. Use evidence-based predictions to explain how a population changes over time due to human impacts. This video follows Joyce Poole and other scientists working in Gorongosa National Park, Mozambique, who made the observation that many female elephants lack tusks. Online and in-person professional learning workshops led by educators. PART 2: Video Activity . Hear how educators are using BioInteractive content in their teaching. It seemed simple enoughexcept we drove all day, every day for a week and didnt see a single elephant.. But the proportion of tuskless elephants has increased in some populations.
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2 Follow Nuwer on Twitter @RachelNuwerCredit: Nick Higgins. endstream
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To learn more about the problems facing African elephants and their recovery in Gorongosa National Park, watch these two BioInteractive Scientists at Work videos: the first minute of The Great Elephant Census and all of Selection for Tuskless Elephants. Keep up with the latest from BioInteractive! 0
The immune system responds to pathogens in two main ways: innate and adaptive immune responses. Anatomy & Physiology Scientific Skills & Literacy Click & Learn High School General High School AP/IB College Selection for Tuskless Elephants Describe how biological sex and gender differ from each other. The story of African elephants is a powerful case study of how science can inform conservation. Why Do Some People with the Sickle Cell Genotype Not Have Symptoms? Articles that connect current events to BioInteractive resources. chromosome, differences in sex development (DSD), estrogen, Olympics, ovary, primary/secondary sex characteristic, sex determining region Y (SRY), testes, testosterone, X inactivation. In Gorongosa National Park, Poole found that among the older female elephants that survived a period of heavy poaching in the park, over 50% are tuskless. In this inquiry-based activity, students engage in science practices to figure out why some people with a genetic condition that usually leads to sickle cell disease do not have disease symptoms. The Click & Learn uses ongoing debates about the eligibility of certain female athletes to participate in women's events as an entry point for students to learn the processes involved in human reproductive development. As of 2014, about 350,000 savanna elephants were living in Africa. HHMI is investing in increasing racial, ethnic, and gender diversity in academic science to create environments in which everyone can thrive. Among the younger females, who were born after this period of heavy poaching, 33% are tuskless. hhmi biointeractive tuskless elephants answer key About; Location; Menu; FAQ; Contacts hb```f``z' B@QKm>%QXP^miq4YtnT50WS'.*^916SqKi"%df%IE400(wt@*06sx9 g! Introduction The added information provided at pause points within the animation How We Get Our Skin Color allows for a richer exploration of the topic of human skin structure and function. Most African elephants have tusks, but some never grow them especially in places that have a history of poaching, like Gorongosa National Park. Let's Go! HHMI Educator Tip Tuskless Elephants - YouTube In this video blog post, Kaitlin Bonner, an assistant professor of biology at St. John Fisher College in Rochester, NY, explains how she uses. BioInteractive is offering free workshops for high school and undergraduate life and environmental science educators. The Resource Google Folder link directs to a Google Drive folder of resource documents in the Google Docs format. 255 0 obj
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